Configuring Git

$ git config --global user.name "[name]"

Sets the name you want to be attached to your commit transactions.

$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"

Sets the email you want to beattached to your commit transactions.

$ git config --global color.ui auto

Enables helpful colorization of the command line output

$ git config –global alias

Creates a Git command shortcut

$ git config –system core.editor

Sets the preferred text editor

$ git config –global –edit

Open and edit the global configuration file in the text editor

$ git init [project-name]

Creates an empty repository in the project folder with the specified name

$ git clone (repo URL)

Downloads a project from a remote service such as Github and its entire version history 

$ git clone (repo URL) (folder)

Clones a repository to a specific folder

$ git remote -v

Displays a list of remote repositories with URLs

$ git remote rm (remote repo name)

Removes a remote repository

$ git fetch

Fetching from a repository grabs all the new remote-tracking branches and tags without merging those changes into your own branches.

$ git pull

Retrieve the most recent changes from origin and merge

$ git add (file name)

Adds file changes to staging. Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning.

$ git add 

Adds all directory changes to staging

$ git add -A

Adds new and modified files to staging

$ git rm (file_name)

Removes a file and stops tracking it. Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion

$ git rm –cached (file_name)

Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally

$ git checkout <deleted file name>

Recovers a deleted file and prepares it for commit

$ git status

Displays the status of modified files. Lists all new or modified files to be committed

$ git diff

Displays all unstaged changes in the index and the current directory. Shows file differences that are not yet staged

$ git diff --staged

Shows file differences between staging and the last file version.

$ git reset [file]

Unstages the file, but preserve its contents

$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]"

Records file snapshots permanently in version history

$ git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]

Changes the file name and prepares it for commit

$ git reset [commit]

Undo all commits after [commit], preserving changes locally

$ git reset --hard [commit]

Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit

$ git branch

Lists all local branches in the current repository

$ git branch [branch-name]

Creates a new branch

$ git checkout [branch-name]

Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory

$ git merge [branch]

Combines the specified branch’s history into your current branch

$ git branch -d [branch-name]

Deletes the specified branch

$ git fetch remote <branchname>

Fetches a branch from the repository

$ git push –all

Pushes all local branches to a designated remote repository

$ git stash

Temporarily stores all modified tracked files

$ git stash pop

Restores the most recently stashed files

$ git stash list

Lists all stashed changesets

$ git stash drop

Discards the most recently stashed changeset

Installing on Linux

If you want to install the basic Git tools on Linux via a binary installer, you can generally do so through the package management tool that comes with your distribution. If you are on operating systems such as Fedora you can use dnf.

$ sudo dnf install git-all

If you are on a Debian-based distribution, such as Ubuntu use the following command

$ sudo apt install git-all

Installing on macOS

There are several ways to install Git on a Mac. The easiest way is to install it from the Github website

https://mac.github.com

Installing on Windows

There are also a few ways to install Git on Windows. The most official build is available for download on the Git website. 

https://git-scm.com/download/win